Concorrência em Go
Go Worker Pool
Share a queue of jobs between a fixed number of goroutines to limit how much runs at once.
O que você vai aprender
- A jobs channel
- Several workers
- Closing results safely
6 jobs, 3 workers
- 1
jobs1 2 3 4 5 6 - 2
3 workersn * n - 3
results1 4 9 16 25 36
A fixed team of workers
A worker pool starts a fixed number of goroutines that all read jobs from one channel. It limits how much work runs at the same time, which protects memory, files and network connections.
Three workers read from jobs until it is closed and send each answer to results. A separate goroutine closes results after every worker has finished, which ends the final range loop. Each result carries its job number, so the order in which workers finish does not matter.
Pontos-chave
- All workers read from one jobs channel.
close(jobs)tells them to stop.- Results are closed after every worker is done.
Exemplo executável de Go
main.go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
)
func worker(jobs <-chan int, results chan<- [2]int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
defer wg.Done()
for n := range jobs {
results <- [2]int{n, n * n}
}
}
func main() {
jobs := make(chan int)
results := make(chan [2]int)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for w := 0; w < 3; w++ {
wg.Add(1)
go worker(jobs, results, &wg)
}
go func() {
for n := 1; n <= 6; n++ {
jobs <- n
}
close(jobs)
}()
go func() {
wg.Wait()
close(results)
}()
squares := make([]int, 7)
for result := range results {
squares[result[0]] = result[1]
}
fmt.Println(squares[1:])
}
[1 4 9 16 25 36]Pratique
Abra o exemplo no compilador online, mude um valor ou adicione uma linha e tente prever a saída antes de executar. Depois quebre o código de propósito e leia a mensagem do compilador.
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